Saw bench



March 9, 1943; @BRAY 'I 2,313,617

' sAw BENCH Filed June 2e, 1941 @sheets-sheet 1 veran fg March 9, 1943.o. BRAY 2,313,617

SAW BENCH Filed June 26, 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 BRAY .sAw BENCH- Mmh 9,'194s.

6 Sheets-Sheet 3 FiledV June 26, 1941 O. BRAY sAw BENCH March 9, 1943.

Filed June 26', 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 @www o. BRAY .sAw BENCH Filed June2e, 1941 March 9, 1943.;

6 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 9, 1943.

o. BRAY 2,313,617

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U11/vento@ Patented Mar. 9, 1943 UNITED *STTES PATET OFFIQE SAW BENCHOverton Bray, Burley, Idaho, assigner of one-half to 0. lvl. Mitchell,Rupert, Idaho 6 Claims.

This invention relates to an improved construction of saw bench havingmeans for supporting the material to be cut in a plurality of positionsfor cutting the material at any desired angle by means of a circular sawwhich is movably mounted in the saw bench relatively to the material.

Another aim of the invention is to provide a saw bench containing amovably mounted circular saw capable of being tilted laterally in eitherdirection so that the material can be cut not only at any desired anglebut also at the same time, at any desired bevel.

A further aim of the invention is to provide means for raising andlowering the circular saw and for retaining it in any one of a pluralityof elevations, while upright or tilted, for cutting mortises or gains ofany width and any angle in the material.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for holding a pieceof material at any desired angle lengthwise of the saw bench forripsawing the material, by moving the saw relatively to the material, orfor providing guide means to permit the material to be moved relativelyto the saw for cutting it lengthwise thereof.

Still another aim of the invention is to provide a saw bench of simpleconstruction, which will be durable and easy to operate and Which may beemployed for making all types of cuts in lumber or the like withaccuracy and uniformity and without the use of gages or other implementsor tools.

A further aim or" the invention is to provide a saw bench in which theposition of the longitudinal slot, through which the circular saw bladeis movable, can be adjusted laterally and the saw blade likewiseadjusted laterally so that the saw bench is equally weli adapted for useby either a right handed or left handed operator, Working from the lefthand or right hand side, respectively, of the. saw bench.

Still another aim of the invention is to provide y a saw benchespecially adapted for use in cutting rafters of different types, andhaving means whereby the material may be cut in uniform lengths Withouthaving to mark the material.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter becomemore fully apparent from the following description of the drawings,which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, and. wherein:

Figure l is atop plan view showing the invention assembled with the worksupporting members arranged to cooperate with a rip fence member forcutting material lengthwise,

Figure 2 is a top plan View of the invention showing the work supportingmembers arranged to cooperate with an adjustable miter gage for cuttinglmiters or for making other angular cuts in the lumber or material,

Figure 3 is a similar View showing the invention with the parts arrangedfor ordinary cross cutting,

Figure 4 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view takensubstantially along the plane of the line ll-ll of Figure 1,

Figure 5` is an enlarged top plan View showing the work bench with thetop plates thereof removed and with the saw carriage disposed therein,

Figure 6 is a longitudinal Vertical sectional view of the saw benchtaken substantially along a plane indicated by the line 6 5 of Figure 5,

Figure 'I is a cross sectional. View of the saw bench takensubstantially along a plane indicated by the line 'il-l of Figure 6,

Figure 8 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view of thecradle, taken substantially along the plane of the line 8 8 of Figure 5,

Figure 9 is a similar view taken substantially along the plane of theline Q---iiA of Figure 5,

Figure 10 is a fragmentary cross sectional view, on an enlarged scale,of the saw bench taken substantially along a plane indicated by the lineIt-ll of Figure 8,

Figure ll is an enlarged transverse vertical sectional view takensubstantially along the plane of the line il-ll of Figure 5,

Figures 12 and 13 are vertical sectional views taken substantially alongthe planes of the lines l2-i2 and Iii-I3, respectively, of Figure 11,

Figure 14 and Figure 15 are transverse vertical sectional views takensubstantially along the planes of the lines it-li and I5-i5,respectively, of Figure 8,

Figure 16 is an enlarged top plan View of one of the work supportingmembers with the adjustable stop applied thereto,

Figures 17 and 18 are enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional viewstaken substantially along the planes of the lines ll-IT and iii-i8,respectively, of Figure 16,

Figure 19 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken substantially alongthe plane of the line l-IS of Figure 16,

Figure 2O is a top plan view of the niiter gage,

Figure 2l is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view takensubstantially along the plane of the line 21--21 of Figure 20,

Figure 22 is an enlarged cross sectional View taken substantially alongthe plane of the line 22--22 of Figure 20, and

Figure 23 is an enlarged cross sectional View taken substantially alongthe plane of the line 23-23 of Figure 3.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, wherein like referencecharacters designate like or corresponding parts throughout thedifferent views, 25 designates generally the saw bench in its entiretywhich, as best seen in Figures 5, 6 and 1, includes a substantiallyrectangular frame, designated generally 26 having upright end walls 21and upright outer side walls 28 and inwardly spaced, substantiallyparallel inner side walls 29. Adjacent the end walls 21, and between thecomplementary side walls 28 and 29 are provided depending supportinglegs 33, by means of which the frame 2G is supported in an elevatedposition.

As seen in Figure 6, the end walls 21 are provided with strips 3|secured to the inner sides thereof, the upper edges of which aredisposed below the level of the upper edges of the end walls 21, andstrips 32 which are connected to the outer sides thereof and which arecut-out on their inner sides and under edges to form grooves 33.Brackets 34, as best seen in Figure 5, are attached to and projectoutwardly from the corners of the frame 25, adjacent the top thereof,and support a railing 35, which extends entirely around the frame 26 andwhich is spaced outwardly therefrom. The strips 3l, as best seen inFigure 5, are provided with upwardly opening pairs of recesses orsockets 35. The pairs of sockets 3S are disposed equal distances fromthe ends of the strips 3|. The saw bench 25 is provided with a topformed by a pair of plates 31 and 38. The plates 31 and 38 are of thesame length with the plates 31, as best seen in Figures 1 to 3,substantially wider than the plate 38. The top plates 31 and 38 areprovided, adjacent their ends, with pairs of depending studs 35 whichare arranged at equal distances from their outer longitudinal edges andwhich are positioned to fit into the sockets 35 for detachablypositioning the plates 31 and 38 relatively to the frame 25. The topplates 31 and 33, when positioned in the frame 26, are disposed so thattheir adjacent longitudinal edges are spaced from one another to form alongitudinal slot 45. It will be apparent, dueto the location of thesockets 35 and the studs 39, that n the plates 31 and 38 can be reversedto locate the slot adjacent to either longitudinal edge of the saw benchframe 26. As seen in Figures 1 to 3, the top plates 31 and 38 areprovided with longitudinally spaced openings 43 adjacent the slot 4U,which openings are internally threaded,

for a purpose which will hereinafter be described.

4i designates generally a work supporting inner end of the portion 42and swivelly connected thereto by means of a bolt and wing nut fastening48. The shank of the other clamp portion 49 extends only to the roundedinner end of the portion 42 and is connected to the shank of the clampportion 41 by means of a plurality of bolts and Wing nut fastenings 50,as best seen in Figures 16 and 13. IThe jaws of the clamp portions 41and 43 are each arcuately shaped and outwardly bowed relatively to oneanother and are arranged in opposed relationship and sized to be clampedto the rail 35, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.

A miter gage, designated generally 5I, as best illustrated in Figures20, 2l and 22, includes an elongated bar 52 having a restrictedextension 53 Which projects from the bottom portion of one end thereofand which is provided with an opening 54. The bar 52 is provided with aplurality of longitudinally spaced transverse openings 55 which projecthorizontally therethrough and is also provided in its underside with alongitudinally extending T-shaped slot 5G. The miter gage 5l alsoincludes a secondary bar 51, which is shorter than the bar 52 and whichis provided with a T-shaped slot 58 in one side thereof which is adaptedto slidably engage the square heads of bolts of nut and bolt fastenings55, which extend through the openings 55, for adjustably connecting thebar 51 to the bar 52. The T-shaped slot 58 extends from end to end ofthe bar 51 so that the secondary bar 51 can be readily removed, when notrequired, as will hereinafter become apparent. The opening 54 is adaptedto loosely engage the smooth shank portion 55 of a bolt BI having arestricted threaded lower end 62. The upper part of the shank portiont!) engages an opening intermediate of the ends of a leaf type spring 33which is turnably mounted on the bolt 6i and the ends of which arecurved downwardly to yieldably engage against the upper side of theportion 53 so that the intermediate portion of the leaf spring 63 willfrictionally engage against the underside of the head of the bolt 6I, asseen in Figure 21. The miter gages 5l may be made in various lengths, asillustrated in Figure 3. As seen in Figure 23, the squared head of abolt 64 is adapted to slidably engage the T-shaped slot 55 in theunderside of the bar 52. The shank of the bolt E4 depends downwardlyfrom the bar 52 and has slidably mounted thereon the sleeve portion of ahook 65. The hook 65 is adjustably supported on the bolt 64 by means ofa wing nut 55 which is adjustably connected to the lower, threaded endof the bolt 64.

Referring to Figures l and 4, an elongated bar '61 is provided withlongitudinally extending perpendicular slots 68 at the ends thereof forreceiving the Shanks of bolts 59 which have hook shaped lower ends 1Bfor engaging the under edges of the strips 32 and the grooves 33thereof. The upper threaded ends of the bolts 69 project above the uppersurface of the bar 61 to receive wing nuts 1I for clamping the bar 61 tothe top of the saw bench 25 and lengthwise thereof, as illustrated inFigure 1, and for a purpose which will hereinafter be explained.

As seen in Figures 5 and 1, rails 12 are attached to the inner sides ofthe inner walls 29 by fastenings 13. The rails 12 extend length- Wise ofthe frame 25 and are spaced inwardly from the walls 29 by spacing blocks14 through which the fastenings 13 extend and which are spaced from oneanother to provide slots between the rails 12 and the walls 2B.

A saw carriage, designated generally 16, includes a substantiallyrectangular frame l1 including side rails 13 and end rails 19. Thecarriage 15' is provided with end walls 80 which` are attached to anddepend from the inner sides of the end rails 10. As seen in Figure 11,the corners of the frame 11 are recessed, as seen at 8|, to receiverollers 82 which are journaled on pins 83 which are mounted in the frame11. rollers 82 are disposed lengthwise of the frame 11 and are groovedto engage the rounded upper edges of the rails 'l2 to provide meanswhereby the carriage 16 is mounted to move freely in the frame andlengthwise thereof. As seen in Figures 6 and 1, the rails 12` aredisposed near the bottom edges of the walls 29 so thatV the top of thecarriage frame 11 is disposed below the level of the upper edges of thewalls 23 and 29. As seen in Figures 5 and 9, the upper edges of the endrails 10 are recessed to receive inserts 84 through which extend pins 85on which are journaled perpendicularly disposed rollers B6 which projectabove the upper edges of the rails 19 and which are adapted to ride onthe undersides of the top plates 31 and 38 to prevent said top platesfrom sagging and frictionally engaging the carriage 16.

Referring to Figures l1, 12 and 13, the end rails 19 are provided withrecesses 81 which open outwardly of their ends and top edges to receiveinserts 88 which are provided with separate top plates which areattached to the upper edges of the end rails 10 by fastenings 90. Eachof the inserts 88 is provided with a longitudinally extending outwardlyopening socket 0I and a perpendicular bore 02 which extends through thesocket 0|, adjacent its inner end. The plate 89 is provided with athreaded opening 93 which alines with the bore 02, which is alsothreaded. A plunger 04 is slidably mounted in the socket 0I and isprovided with a recessed outer end 95 to receive a roller 95 which ishorizontally disposed therein and journaled on a pin 01 which extendsperpendicularly through the recessed end 05. The rollers 05 projectbeyond the sides of the carriage 1S for engaging strips 08 which areattached to the inner sides of the walls 20. Rollers 96 function toprevent the carriage 16 from frictionally engaging the walls 20 and alsoto prevent the carriage from moving laterally of the frame The innerends of the plungers 04 are inclined upwardly and outwardly to form camsurfaces 09. A set screw 00 engages each of the bores 92 and its alinedopening 93. Thel set screws |00 are provided with tapered lower ends forengaging the cam faces 09 so that when the set screws if!!! are advanceddownwardly they will force the plungers 04 outwardly of the sock'- ets9| to thereby move the rollers 9S outwardly and toward the strips 08.Each of the plungers 94 is provided with a longitudinally extendinghorizontally disposed slot IOI through which loosely extends a screw|02. As best seen in Figure 13, the screw |02 has one end anchored inthe rail 15 and its opposite end anchored in the insert 88 so that thescrew |02 detachably retains the insert 38 in position in the recess B1.An expansion coil spring i has one end bearing against the screw |02 andits opposite end bearing against the inner end of the slot IOI forurging the plunger 94 inwardly of the socket 0|. It will thus be seenthat by retracting the set screws |00 the springs |03 will retract theplung- Theers 94 to move the rollers 96 inwardly and out of engagementwith the stripsk 08k so that the carriage 16 can be readily removed fromor inserted into the saw bench frame 25.

Referring to Figure 9, a bracket |04 is attached to the inner side ofone of the walls 80, adjacent its upper edge, by fastenings |05 and isprovided with an inwardly extending flange I 06 having projectingupturned yends |01 terminating in barrels or sleeve portions |08 whichare spaced inwardly from said end wall 00. The upper edge of the endrail 19, to which said aforementioned end wall is secured, is providedwith recessed or countersunk sleeves |09 which are disposed-`transversely of said rail. The other rail 19 is provided with similarsleeves I|0 which aline with the sleeves |09, and said last mentionedrail is also provided with a pair of similar sleeves I I which aredisposed between the sleeves IIO and spaced therefrom and spaced fromone another. A pair of rods i2 and I I3 are provided with cor-Yresponding outwardly offset ends I Ill which slidably engage the sleeves|00. The rods II2 and II3 have portions at their opposite ends bent topins I3, which extend through the rods IIE and H3 for urging the rodstoward the sleeves |09.

A hanger ||0 is provided with angular flanges |20 at its side edgeswhich are provided with sleeves or barrel portions |2| at their upperends for loosely engaging the rod portions IIA, between the sleeves orbarrel portions IGS and the end wall 00, adjacent thereto. The hangerII9 is pro-vided at its lower edge with an inturned flange |22. A hanger|23, of the same construction as the hanger |I9, is supported by meansof its sleeves |2| engaging the terminal ends IIS of the rods ||2 andH3, as best seen in Figure 5. A base plate |2 is fastened to the flanges|722 of the hangers ||0 and |23.

A pair of laterally alined bearings |25 is mounted above the base plate|2fi, adjacent the hanger |23 by means of their standards |25 which arefastened to the upper side of the plate |24. A shaft |21 extends throughand is journaled' in the bearings |25. The shaft |21 is provided withsimilarly arranged crank ends |20. A

worm wheel |29 is keyed to the shaft |21 beLA Between the bearings |30,a worm |32 is keyed to the shaft |3| and is disposed to mesh with theworm wheel |20. The lower end of the shaft I3I is provided with a handwheel or knob |33 for turning the worm |32 to revolve the worm wheel|25! for raising or lowering the cranks |28. An expansion coil springHill is disposed on the shaft il, between the flange |22, of the hanger|23, and the knob |33 for resisting the turning movement of the shaftI3! so that the shaft will not turn freely but will be retained byfriction of the spring |34 in its adjusted positions, for a purposewhich will hereinafter become apparent.

A bottom or bottom plate '|35 is pivotally connected at one end thereofat |36 to the upper side of the base plate |24, adjacent the hanger H9,and extends to a point intermediate of the ends of the plate |24. Thebottom |35 is provided with upturned flanges |31 at the side edgesthereof and adjacent its free end, which flanges project substantiallybeyond the free end of the bottom |35. Flanges |31 are provided withlongitudinally extending slots |38 which loosely engage the crank endsof the cranks |28. An upwardly projecting bearing |39 is attached to andprojects upwardly from each of the anges |31, contiguous with the freeend of the bottom |35. A shaft |40 is journaled in the: bearings |39,adjacent their upper ends, and extends outwardly therebeyond. On theouter sides of the bearings |36, the shaft 40 is provided with pulleys|4|, and beyond the pulleys |4| the terminals of the shaft |40 areprovided with nuts or other fastening means |42, as best seen in Figure5, by means of which a circular saw blade |43 can be detachably securedon either end of the shaft |40. A motor |44, preferably an electricmotor, has its base resting on and fastened to the bottom |35, adjacentits pivoted end. A driven shaft |45, of the motor |44, extends outwardlyfrom both ends thereof and is disposed transversely of the carriage 16and is provided at each end with a belt pulley |46, as best seen inFigure 5. The belt pulleys |4| and |46, at corresponding ends of theshafts |40 and |45, are connected by belts |41 for driving the circularsaw blade |43. A trough |48, as -best seen in Figure 5, is attached atits ends to complementary flanges of the hangers ||9 and |23. One trough|48 is thus attached to both side edges of the hangers and said troughsare disposed so that the saw blade |43 extends into the trough which isdisposed beneath the end o fthe shaft |40 on which the blade |43 ismounted. Troughs |48 are open at their bottoms and are provided toreceive sawdust from the blade |43 to convey the sawdust .'lownwardly soas to discharge it below the plate |24 so that the parts mounted thereonwill not come in contact with the sawdust and will thus be maintainedclean and in good operating condition. The saw blade |43 when attachedto one end of the shaft |40 is located directly beneath the slot 40, andit will be obvious that the knob |33 can be turned' for raising thebottom |35 on its pivot |36 to move a portion of the saw blade upwardlythrough the slot 40. This is accomplished by the terminal ends of thecranks |28 sliding in the slots |38 and acting as eccentrics for raisingand lowering the free end of the bottom which is provided with a notch|49 in its free end to accommodate the worm wheel |29 as the bottom |35moves relatively thereto. It will be obvious that when the position ofthe slot is varied laterally of the fra-me 26, by reversing the locationof the top plates 31 and 38, as previously explained, that the saw blade|43 can be applied to the opposite end of the shaft |40, which shaft isof a correct length so that the blade |43 will then be in alinement withthe other position of the slot 40.

Furthermore, the alined sleeves 12| of the hangers ||9 and |23 aresubstantially in alinement with the two positions of the saw blade |43,for a purpose which will hereinafter become apparent.

As best seen in Figures 7 and 10, the end walls 80 are each providedwith a slot |50 which extends transversely thereof and which is providedwith downwardly bowed corresponding end portions 5| whose ends are insubstantially the same horizontal plane and whose adjacent ends connectto form continuous slots |50. As seen in Figures 8 and 9, a sleeve |52is disposed beneath and longitudinally of the plate |24, adjacent itslongitudinal center and is attached thereto by means of strap members|53. A rod |54 extends through and beyond the ends of the sleeve |52 andis provided with threaded ends which extend outwardly through the slots|50 and on which are mounted hand wheels |55. The sleeve |52 has opposedlongitudinally extending slots |56, intermediate of its ends, throughwhich loosely extend a cotter pin |51 which projects through an opening|58 in the rod |54 to prevent the rod from turning relatively to thesleeve but to permit a limited sliding movement of the rod |54relatively to the sleeve |52.

As seen in Figure 14, the troughs |48 at the ends thereof which aredisposed adjacent to the hanger l 9, are provided with upwardly openingsockets |59 for detachably receiving the lower end of a shank |60 whichhas a laterally projecting stud |6| to limit its downward movement. Theshank |60 includes a separate upper section |62 which is detachablyconnected at its lower end to the upper end of the section ||6 by afastening |63. The adjacent ends of the shank portions |60 and |62 areadapted to loosely engage around the end ||4 of either the rod ||2 orI3. The shank portions |60 and |62 are mounted adjacent the same side ofthe carrier 16 as the saw blade |43 and are disposed in alinementtherewith so that the shank |62 projects upwardly through the slot 46. Ahandle |64 is detachably fastened by means of bolt and wing nutfastenings to the upper end of the shank portion |62 to provide meansfor moving the carriage 16 longitudinally of the saw bench frame 26. Thehandle |64, as seen in Figure 6, is shaped similarly to the handle of aconventional hand saw and is designed to be engaged by the right hand.As the shank portions |60 and 62 will have to be turned around whenapplied to the other rod end ||4 the handle |64 will have to be removedand reversed to project from the opposite side edge of the shank portion|62 and it is preferred that a separate handle, shaped to fit the lefthand be provided when the parts are thus reversed.

The handle |64 is well adapted for use for moving the saw carriage 16 inthe saw bench frame 26 when the saw bench 25 is being used for cuttingthrough material, not shown, as the shank portion |62 will move throughthe cut made by the saw blade |43. However, the saw bench 25 is alsowell adapted for use in cutting mortises and gains in the underside ofmaterial which is resting on the top plates 31 and 38 and when thus usedit will be obvious that the handle |64 and its shank portion will haveto be removed from the carriage 16. To operate the saw carriage 16'whenthe saw |43 is being used to cut gains or mortises, a cable or otherflexible member |65 is fastened at its ends tc eyes |66 which dependfrom the end rails 18. The cable |65 extends outwardly through openings|61 in the end walls 21 and is then trained over a pair of pulleys |68which are perpendicularly clisposed relatively to one another andsupported at one end of the frame 26 by supporting members |69, Pulleys|10 are mounted on the outer side of the other end wall 21, with thelower pulley |10 spaced outwardly from the upper pulley |10 by bracketsupports |15. As seen in Figure 6, the cable |55 therefore extendsoutwardly through the openings |51 and downwardly over the pulleys |63and |18 so that the intermediate portion of the cable |55 is disposedbelow the frame and between the legs 39. A shaft |12 is journaled in thebracket means ior supporting the lower pulley |16. Said lower pulley |19is keyed to the shaft |12 which is provided with squared ends |13 forreceiving a crank |14 which can be detachably secured to either shaftend |13 by a cotter pin |15.

The purpose and operation oi certain of the parts of the saw bench 25have been described in conjunction with the description of theirconstruction and a further description of these parts, as to theiroperation, is therefore deemed unnecessary.

It will be obvious that as the shaft H50 and motor |55 are both mountedon the bottom |35 there will be no relative movement of these parts whenthe bottom is raised and lowered, by turning the knob |33, so that theblade |43 can be driven in the same manner at any elevation within theextremes of its movements upwardly and downwardly. By an outward pull onthe hooked end H5 of the rod H2, the portions I4 and l5 of said rod willdisengage the sleeves |2|, which they normally engage to allow thehangers ||S and |23, and the parts supported thereby to swing to theleft, as seen in Figure l0, assuming that the hand wheels |55 have beenloosened. The hand wheels |55 can be tightened to hold the parts carriedby the hangers at any desired angle to the normal vertical plane ofthese parts. Similarly, by pulling outwardly on the hooked end ||5 ofthe rod H3 the parts carried by the hangers can be swung to the right,as seen in Figure 10, and similarly clamped at any desired angle. Theslots itil are provided to accommodate the ends of the rod 54 duringthis swinging movement. As the blade |43 and the shank portions itil and|52 will always be disposed at the same side of the carriage 16 as therod ||2 or H3 which is not retracted, and which therefore supports theparts carried by the hangers, when said parts are tilted, and as theblade m3 and the shank portions |55 and |62 are in alinement with theends ii. and H6 of the rod |2 or i i3, which is supporting the hangersH9 and |23, while tilted, it will be obvious that the blade |43 and theshank |52 will extend through the slot -l while in their various tiltedpositions.

Assuming that a pair of the work supporting members 1| and a pair of themiter gages 5|, with the bars 51 attached, are arranged, as seen inFigure 3, it will be apparent that a relatively long piece or" lumber,for example, may be supported transversely on the work bench 25 with oneedge thereof bearing against the strips 45 and the bars 51, which arealined, and which combine to form ab-utments for the material to be cutby advancing the saw his toward the end of the saw bench frame 2t,adjacent to which the members 4| and 5| are attached. The members 5| areattached at their inner ends by the threaded ends 52 being selectivelyengaged with openings ll, and at their remote ends by the hooks E5engaging the rail S5, as seen in Figure 23, while the work supportingmembers 4| are attached to the saw bench frame 25 by their clamps t5, aspreviously explained. The work supporting members li may be of anydesired 75 length and may be supported at their free ends by suitablebraces or other rests, not shown.

If itis desired to out the material in exact lengths, this can beaccomplished by mounting an adjustable stop designated generally |15 onone of the work supporting members 43|. The adjustable stop llt`includes an elongated base strip |11 which i'lts vthe groove i3 andwhich is provided at one end thereof with a longitudinal slot |18through which loosely extends the bolt of a nut and bolt fastening l1which selectively engages any one of the openings dal, to therebyprovide for a rough adjustment of the stop |16 relatively to the member4|. A ner adjustment is afforded by movement of the portion |11relatively to the fastening |19 by means of the slot |18, after whichthe nut of the fastening 19is tightened to clamp the base portion |11 inadjusted positions. Base portion |11 is provided with upwardlyprojecting standards through which slidably extend rods |3| which areattached at their ends to upright plates |82 and |83. A feed screw |84is turnably mounted in the plates |82 and |83 and is threaded to engagea threaded opening in the forward standard ISB. By turning the knob |35on the rear end of the feed screw |84, it will be obvious that theforward plate |82 can kbe advanced or retracted to provide very exactadjustments .of lthe stop Vit, of which the plate |82 forms the abutmentto be engaged by the material to be cut. It will thus be seen that thematerial can be cut in exact lengths Without marking and by tilting thesaw blade |43, as previously explained, the desired bevel can beobtained, as for example, for cutting rafters of different types toexact uniformity. Also, the elevation of the `blade .|43 can be variedby adjusting lthe `position of-.the worm wheel |29, as previouslyexplained, so that the uppermost portion of the blade will .not extendas far above the level of the top plates A51 and 3S as the top of thematerial being cut so that the blade can be used for cutting mortises orgains which may also be cut at angles by tilting the blade M3 When thusused, of course, the handle |64 and the shank portion |52 are removedand the carriage is operated by turning the vcrank IM.

By dispensing with the miter gages 5| and arranging two of the worksupporting members di lengthwise of `the saw bench 25, as illustrated inFigure 1, the saw bench can be used for ripsawing or cutting materiallengthwise with the blade |43. When thus use-d, the bar 51 is attachedlengthwise of the frame 25 by means of its fastenings 69, as clearlyillustrated in Figure 4, and adjusted so that the bar |51 can tightlyengage one longitudinal edge of the material, not shown, while the otherlongitudinal edge of the material will be engaged by the strips 45 tosecurely hold the material against lateral movement while being cut. Itwill also be obvious that the work supporting members IH and the bar 51may be adjusted laterally so that the out may be made in the material atany point between its side edges. Furthermore, it will be readilyapparent that the bar 51 may be set at an angle to the longitudinal axisof the work bench 25, as the fastenings 69 are loosely disposed in theslots 6B. Also, the portions 42 of the work supporting members 13| areswivelly connected to the clamps 46, as previously explained, so thatthey may likewise be adjusted so that their strips iii will be parallelto the bar 61 when it is thus angularly adjusted. This will enable thematerial to be cut lengthwise and at an angle or, the saw carriage maybe left stationary and the material advanced toward the saw for making alengthwise cut, employing the bar 61 and the strips 45 as guides for thematerial while it is being moved.

Also, with the bar Bl removed one miter gage and two of the worksupporting members 4I can be arranged, as seen in Figure 2, forangularly cutting material, and by tilting the blade |43 the materialcan simultaneously be cut at an angle and beveled or a gain or mortisecan be cut at any desired angle and slant.

The saw carriage 16 is so constructed that it can be readily removedfrom the frame 26 and applied to a smaller frame, not shown, in which itcan be used as a stationary circular saw while retaining all of itsadvantages with respect to varying the elevation of the saw blade andthe tilting of the saw blade.

Various modifications and changes are contemplated and may be resortedto, provided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention ashereinafter defined by the appended claims, as only a preferredembodiment of the invention has been disclosed.

I claim as my invention:

l. A saw bench having a top formed of detachable plates, said platesbeing of different widths, the longitudinal edges of said top platesbeing spaced to form a longitudinal slot in the top of the saw bench,means for detachably mounting said plates so that the plates arereversible for arranging said longitudinal slot adjacent eitherlongitudinal edge of the saw bench, a cradle slidably mounted in the sawbench, lengthwise thereof, and beneath said Plates, said cradleincluding a bottom pivotally mounted at one end thereof, a circular sawsupported by said bottom and disposed thereabove, a motor mounted onsaid bottom and connected to the circular saw, manually operated meansfor swinging the free end of said bottom upwardly and downwardly forraising and lowering the saw, said saw being disposed for movementthrough the longitudinal slot of the saw bench, means for laterallyadjusting the saw relatively to the cradle for positioning the saw inalinement with said slot in either position in which the top plates aredisposed.

2. A saw bench as in claim 1, said saw bench including a rectangularframe having side walls, tracks projecting inwardly from said side wallsand extending longitudinally thereof for slidably supporting the cradle,rollers projecting from the sides of said cradle for engaging the sidesof said frame, and means for adjustably positioning said rollers toprevent lateral movement of the cradle relatively to the saw bench.

3. A saw bench as in claim 1, said cradle being provided with upwardlyprojecting rollers for engaging the underside of said top plates toprevent the top plates from sagging and frictionally engaging thecradle.

4. A saw bench cradle adapted to slidably engage a saw bench, saidcradle including end walls, rods slidably mounted in said end walls, aframe having upstanding corner posts, said corner posts having sleevesat their upper ends for loosely engaging portions of said rods, a platepivotally connected to one end of said frame, a circular saw supportedby said plate and mounted thereabove, a motor supported by the plate fordriving the saw, means for raising and lowering the free end of saidplate for raising and lowering said saw relatively to the cradle, saidrods being selectively movable for releasing either side of the frame topermit the frame to swing transversely of the cradle for tilting the sawtransversely of the cradle, and means carried by the frame for engagingsaid ends walls for holding the frame in various tilted positions.

5. A structure as in claim 4, said means for raising and lowering saidplate including a worm wheel journaled above the bottom of the frame, aworm journaled on an end wall of the frame and in mesh with the wormwheel, said plate being provided with a slotted extension at its freeend, and said worm wheel having an eccentrically dis- 'posed pin forengaging said slot for raising and lowering said plate when the wormwheel is turned.

6. A structure as in claim 4, comprising bearings mounted on said plateadjacent its free end, a shaft journaled in said bearings, said shaftbeing disposed transversely of the cradle, means for detachablyconnecting the circular saw to either end of the shaft for positioningit on the outer side of either side of the frame, and said frame beingprovided with troughs at the sides thereof for receiving sawdust fromthe circular saw and for conveying the sawdust away from the partsmounted on the cradle.

OVERTON BRAY.

